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Dust mites are the microscopic (unable to see with the eye) insects found in dust to which people may be allergic. They live mainly in mattresses, carpets, upholstered furniture and other items that collect dust. They especially like humid and warm conditions. Dust mites eat shedded scales off upholstery or carpeting. The waste products that are produced by the mite are the allergen to which people have an allergic reaction. Each mite can produce about 20 waste particles even after the mite has died. A new generation of dust mites is produced every three weeks. They are harmless in of themselves, but if one is allergic to dust mite protein-allergies may worsen with exposure.

The greatest source of dust mite exposure is in the bedroom mattress. The mites live in the mattress as there are plenty of skin scales for them to eat. The dust mites are also present in pillows, blankets, carpets, upholstered furniture, curtains, stuffed animals and other fabrics.

It is best to minimize exposure to the dust mite, especially in the bedroom to control allergic symptoms. The bedroom is the most important room since most people spend so much time of each day there. The Mattresses, box springs, and pillows should be enclosed in zippered dust mite covers. Your own sheets should be used over these covers and washed in hot water or put in a dryer every week to kill dust mites. This is the major way of controlling the dust mites as dust mites need high humidity to repopulate. The home should be maintained at 30-50% humidity. Finally, people with a dust mite allergy should not be around when their home is vacuumed or dusted. Vacuum only every 7-14 days as dust mites will be air born for 1-2 days after vacuuming.

Environmental Control
BEDROOM:

Enclose mattresses, box springs and pillows in airtight, dust mite covers which are all available in many stores and on-line.
Bedding should also be washed weekly in hot water (130°F) and/or dried in a hot drier for 20 minutes.
For waterbeds, regularly wash the mattress pad on top of the bed.
Comforters and pillows made of natural materials such as down feathers or cotton should be covered with allergy-proof encasings.
Hardwood, tile or linoleum floor is best, if you have carpeting in the bedroom, do not vacuum more that once per week (this raises dust). People with allergies should use a vacuum cleaner with HEPA (high –efficiency particulate) filter or a double bag, since using a standard or water-filtered vacuum cleaner stirs dust up into the air.
Keep humidity below 50% throughout the home by using a dehumidifier or central or window air conditioning.

REST OF HOUSE:

Clean furnace and change filters monthly to reduce dust.
Inspect basements, crawlspaces, closets, and refrigerators for mold and mildew. Clean with a dilute bleach solution if present.
Furry pets should be avoided, especially if you are sensitive to dander. In any case, pets should never be allowed in bedrooms.
Cigarette smoke is irritating, and should not be allowed in the house.
Do not over-water houseplants (this can lead to mold).
Roaches are a common problem is some areas. If they are found, use commercially available sprays to prevent further multiplication. Vacuum thoroughly around baseboards, cabinets, refrigerators, and food storage areas to remove body parts.
Feather-sensitive individuals should avoid down jackets, quilts, comforters, and pillows.